Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease at a Teaching Hospital in North Central, Nigeria: Eight Year Review

Abstract

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a common inherited cause of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). However, there is paucity of information on the clinical characteristics in Nigeria. The availability and deployment of ultrasonography has led to an improvement in the diagnosis and recognition of ADPKD in Nigeria. In this study we aimed at determining the clinical characteristics and outcome of ADPKD among patients attending Benue State University Teaching Hospital (BSUTH), Makurdi. This is a retrospective study of all patients with ADPKD seen over an 8 year period between 2013 and 2020 in BSUTH. Nineteen patients (M/F 9:10) with mean age of 42.79±16.8 were studied. The mode of presentation was loin pain (68.4%), hypertension (42.1%), haematuria (31.6%), oedema (15.8%) and anaemia (10.5%). Three (15.8%) progressed to end-stage renal disease/dialysis while three ( 15.8%) died. ADPKD is common and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion. Additionally, there is need to create awareness among family members with ADPKD stressing the importance and need for screening.